Comprehensive measures to improve the yield and quality of corn seed production 2
4Extend the paternity powder time and increase the maternal density
In order to prolong the pollination time of the male parents, seedlings of inconsistent size should be left on the male parent. It is also possible to adopt a two-stage male parenting method, that is, to broadcast the male parent of the second period five days after the first male parent sowing in spring sowing, and to ensure that the system has enough male parents. Parents are planted in the parent line or expanded according to the amount of pollen in the parent to increase the density of the female parent. If the father grows weak and the mother grows stronger, the parental distance must be widened to ensure the normal development of the paternal inbred.
5 timely and reasonable fertilizer, increase panicle fertilizer. Supplement fertilizer
According to the characteristics of growth and development of corn seed production, determine the time and quantity of fertilization. Maize fertility time can be roughly divided into three periods: seedling, booting and flowering.
(1) Seedling stage: This period is the vegetative growth stage of the seedling rooting and long leaves. Nitrogen fertilizer is the main stage. In the corn seven-leaf stage, the topdressing urea is 8-10kg, and the seedlings grow rapidly.
(2) Booting stage: Basal leaves grow vigorously, plant and stem diameters increase rapidly, and tassels and ears begin to differentiate one after another. Vegetative growth and reproductive growth go hand in hand. During this period, the most vigorous development occurs and the amount of fertilizer required is the largest. At this time Mu should recover 12.5 kg of urea to promote pregnancy and large spikes.
(3) Flowering stage: The growth of stems and leaves gradually weakens and enters the reproductive growth centered on the formation of grain yield, and grain fertilizer can be supplemented according to the situation. The first is to combine irrigated acres per urea 3 ~ 5kg; second is foliar spray fertilizer, per acre with potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150g plus urea 500g watered 50kg spraying, can increase photosynthetic capacity and increase 100-grain weight.
6Strict heading, go to miscellaneous
To go to the miscellaneous and inferior to the seedling stage, jointing stage, tassel flowering three periods, according to the characteristics of their lineage to judge, such as leaf color, leaf phase, plant type, stamen, pistil, auricle, leaf tongue and so on. In the seedling stage, the dominant seedlings, weak seedlings, diseased seedlings, and heterogeneous seedlings should be removed. In the early stage of male tassels, the strains showed obvious performance and should be completely removed at this time. In particular, the parental strain should be taken seriously and thoroughly removed. After harvesting, the panicles were carefully picked, and panicles and different color spindles were scooped out. When removing impurities, special attention should be paid to the removal of the parent strain (weak seedlings). Inferior strains prolong the tasseling period of corn seed production and cause emasculation to be untimely, resulting in the formation of self-grained or backcrossed strains. Therefore, it is necessary to completely eliminate the bad strains at the same time as picking up the trash.
7 Resolutely ahead of the draw, guard against self-interest
According to the conventional method, tassels are exposed one-third of the time, but some varieties, such as Nongda 108, and Tuenyu 3, are inbred lines. Tassels are outcropping or loose in the loquat leaves. Conventional tasselling often does not guarantee seed purity. If a rainy day or other special situation delays the tasseling period, it will cause the self-invasive strain to rise. Therefore, we must resolutely adopt advanced measures. It has been proved by practice that pulling ahead with a loquat leaf does not affect the seed yield.