Techniques for Seed Production by Covering Maize with Double-ridge Ditch

Lu Xuehong (Suichuan County Seed Management Station)

In recent years, drought and dry rain in the late season is an important factor that restricts the production of corn seeds in our region. Any drought-resistant measures cannot achieve the purpose of producing seedlings, seedlings, and seedlings in the field, which makes the quality of seed produced difficult to meet standards, and not only affects the Seed production enthusiasm of farmers, but also caused some damage to the production of Datian, so after many years of practice we have found out Shuanglonggou full-film covering seed production technology, so that seed production and quality increased simultaneously.

1 Features of double-ridge ditch full-film covering corn seed production technology

1.1 autumn rain, winter snow (rain) spring, fully absorb natural rainfall

The full-film covering is the cultivation technique that quickly covers all the fields that produce seeds in the isolation area with a wide mulch before leaving or freezing in the eleventh February of that year. It not only saves autumn rainfall or winter rainfall in the ground, but also can fully absorb natural rainfall and effectively prevent evaporation of groundwater. According to the measurement, only half of the moisture content in the semi-membrane covered water is only 40% to 45%, while the water use efficiency in the whole membrane is 100%, which truly increases the temperature and protects the earth.

1.2 The period of de-abortion is concentrated, and the time is short, effectively increasing the seed purity. The seed field cultivated in open field, where the lyrical area is good in the same plot, the development of the seedling is early, fast, and where the growth is slow, and the number of three types of seedlings increases. Causes the detasseling time to prolong, if the emascattered person thinks paralyzed will cause the weak seedling loose powder selfing, affects the seed purity. The overall membrane coverage of the plant development process is basically the same, the time is concentrated, in the short term the castration is clean and thorough. After the determination, the purity can be increased by 5 to 8 percentage points.

1.3 Early maturation, rapid dehydration, increase of commodity rate. On the one hand, full-film coverage increases the reflected light intensity on the surface of the mulching film, and photosynthetic products increase. On the other hand, the ground temperature is effectively improved. The sowing date is 10 to 15 days in advance and the mature harvest is 8 to 10 days in advance. The harvest period is in mid-late August. The temperature is high, evaporation is rapid, the sticks are easily dehydrated, the seeds produced are glossy, the colors are bright, and the commodity rate is naturally improved.

1.4 Increased 100-grain weight and increased yield per plant

In the arid and semi-arid region, the key to good flowering in the flowering period is the soil moisture in the middle and late stages of tasselling. If there is insufficient soil moisture during flowering and pollination period, the development of non-drought-resistant inbred lines will be postponed, and the opportunity for optimal pollination will be missed. Some pollinations will not be robust and some will have severe alopecia. The full-film covering and seeding completely overcomes this defect. Practice has proved that the full-film covering seed production technology will increase the seed 100-grain weight by 2-5 g, and the yield per mu will increase by 35-100 kg.

2 seed production techniques

2.1 Site Preparation

In the area of ​​separation, the plots required to be selected must be flat and fertile, combined with deep plowing after the fall of crops, and then be well-grounded to prevent runaways.

2.2 film

2.2.1 Rowing: In order to sow the specifications, rowing is based on the width of the mulch and row spacing. Generally, the width of the selected film is 1.2m, and the row spacing of the marker is set to 40cm and 70cm (butt joints of the plastic film are 10cm).

2.2.2 Fertilization: Based on the application of organic fertilizer, Mushi urea 25~30kg, potassium sulfate 15kg, phosphate fertilizer 50~60kg; or ammonia 15kg, urea 15~20kg, potassium sulfate 15~20kg; or compound fertilizer 100~150kg, in the middle of the row spacing of 40cm, a deep trench was opened, all the fertilizer was applied, and then two small trenches were further opened on both sides of the 40cm ridge, and the depth was about 15cm. The soil on both sides of the trench was manually trimmed to the ridge. In the middle; burying fertilizer, naturally forming a narrow and wide two ridges, narrow ridge height 15cm, wide ridge height 10cm.

2.2.3 Laminating film: Artificially laying mulch on a narrow and wide ridge formed requires tightening and straightening, and both ends are compacted with soil. One side of the film is placed in a small ditch without pressure, and the other side is placed in the middle of a wide ridge, but each 1-2m of ribbed surface pressures the belt in a vertical direction to prevent the wind from blowing up the film. This will start from one side to the next, until the other side is finished. The interface is located in the middle of a wide ridge. Interface butt 10cm. In order to fully receive natural rainfall, holes are drilled in the trenches every 1m. Note that the hole can not be too large, easy to evaporate when the moisture is too large, and the plastic film is easily scratched by the wind.

2.3 Sowing

Before and after April 5th, artificial seeding is performed with a seeder. The parent with long growing period is sowed. The distance between the seedlings (plant spacing) is determined according to the density requirement. The seeds of each coat are seeded with two or three seeds, and the depth is 3cm. Sand or ash seals to prevent evaporation or lack of seedlings. The next amount of 2.5 ~ 3kg per mu mother, the male parent lkg, line ratio 1:5 or 1:6. For narrow and long plots, the plot is planted in a narrow direction.

2.4 seedlings

6 to 7 days after planting seedlings in a timely manner, especially the growth of the seedlings under the extension of the film, otherwise due to burning seedlings caused by lack of seedlings.

2.5 Management

In the three-four-leaf stage combined with miscellaneous seedlings, leave two seedlings in each well. The combination of five and six leaf stages removes the seedlings. Other measures are similar to open land seed production.

2.6 flowering forecast

From the jointing stage, regular flowering forecasting will be conducted, and appropriate countermeasures will be adopted as early as possible for the badly encountered land plots.

2.7 timely harvest

趁 The temperature is higher and timely harvesting, peeling in time, and rapid dehydration.