Zhu Sendi: Promote green manufacturing and develop energy-saving machinery products
2018-05-25 01:42:19
The machinery industry consumes a large amount of energy, materials, and water while producing machines for the society. The products and technical equipment provided to various departments of the national economy directly affect the level of resources and energy consumption of the use departments. The reduction of resources and energy consumed by the machinery industry is mainly driven by green manufacturing. To reduce the level of resources and energy consumption of the user sector, it is necessary to rely on the machinery industry to vigorously develop energy-saving, material-saving and water-saving mechanical products.
The energy-saving potential of energy users is large. In recent years, the energy saving work of the machinery industry has achieved good results. The comprehensive energy consumption of 10,000 yuan output value has fallen to standard coal, but the development and promotion of energy-saving mechanical and electrical products is not optimistic.
According to estimates, the annual coal consumption of industrial boilers in China is about 350 to 400 million tons, accounting for one-third of the country's coal consumption. The thermal efficiency of industrial boiler design in China is generally 72% to 80%, but the actual operating thermal efficiency is only about 65%, while the industrial thermal efficiency of industrial coal-fired industrial boilers is 80% to 85% on average.
The total capacity of all kinds of electric motors in use in the country is about 420 million kilowatts, and the annual electricity consumption accounts for about 60% of the national electricity consumption. The operating efficiency of most electric motors is 10% to 30% lower than the advanced level in foreign countries.
Fans, pumps, and compressors are the main power machines in the metallurgy, steel, petroleum, chemical, and water treatment industries. They consume more than 70% of the motor's power consumption. Therefore, they improve the energy efficiency of fans, pumps, and compressors. It is very important for energy conservation.
The internal combustion engine is one of the main products that consumes petroleum resources. The current annual output has reached 350 million kilowatts, and the average fuel consumption index is about 10% higher than the international advanced level.
If the energy consumption of industrial boilers, industrial furnaces, electric motors, power transformers, fans, pumps, compressors, internal combustion engines, and other energy products can be reduced through the application of various energy-saving technologies, considerable economic and social benefits will be achieved. . The development of energy-saving products and the application of energy-saving technologies will not only benefit users, but more importantly, it will greatly promote the product structure adjustment and industrial upgrading of the machinery industry (see related links for details).
The main method of energy saving in the machinery industry is the large consumption of raw materials in the machinery industry. The annual consumption of steel products in the machinery industry is about 50 million tons, while the utilization rate of steel products is still very low, generally 60% to 70%, and some are even lower. Compared with the advanced level in foreign countries (about 90% to 95%), there is a great potential for saving materials. The cost of various raw materials for mechanical products accounts for about 60% to 70% of the production cost of products. Therefore, in a certain sense, energy saving is also one of the key factors for improving the efficiency and competitiveness of machinery enterprises.
From the development of industrialized countries and our country's application in recent years, there are mainly near-net-shaping and net-forming technologies, rapid manufacturing (RM) technologies, and thermal process simulation and optimization technologies.
Near-net shape and net shape forming technology refers to the advanced forming technology that can be used as a mechanical component after parts are formed, requiring little or no processing. Rapid Manufacturing (RM) technology is based on the digital information of the product. It is directly driven by the product's 3D CAD model and directly or indirectly acts on the material's particle point. It can reduce the use or even eliminate the need of any tooling to rapidly complete the prototype/part/mold technology of any complex shape. General term.
In recent years, with the development of test technology and computer technology, a new crossover technology and research field - material thermal processing technology simulation and optimization technology came into being. The simulation and optimization of thermal processing technology have become the hot topics and frontiers of research in various disciplines of materials thermal processing. There are numerical simulation, physical simulation, and expert systems.
China is a water-poor country with a per capita water resource that is only a quarter of the world average. Water conservation and efficient water use are fundamental ways to ease the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources. Its core is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of water use. At present, the water consumption per million yuan of GDP in China is about 4 times the world average, and it is 5 to 10 times that of developed countries. The utilization rate of irrigation water in China is only 43%, which is one-half of the world's advanced level. The potential for this is huge. The development of water-saving electromechanical products is a requirement for the implementation of sustainable development strategies, and it is a powerful support and important means for water conservation in industrial water-saving, agricultural water-saving, domestic water-saving, and other areas.
Therefore, to encourage the development of energy-saving, material-saving, and water-saving products, the main measures and suggestions are: in-depth conservation education for resource conservation, solid establishment of resource awareness and conservation awareness, and formulation and improvement of laws and regulations for energy saving, material saving, and water saving. Policies, implement incentive policies for strengthening energy conservation, material saving, and water saving, formulate and implement policies on the collection of taxes and fees for products with high energy consumption, consumables, and water consumption; vigorously promote the promotion and application of energy-saving, material-saving, and water-saving electromechanical products. Explore effective ways and means of releasing, recommending materials, water-saving technologies and products; do a good job of eliminating energy, consumables, and high water consumption and backward technologies, processes, and products; modify and improve energy standards for the machinery industry.
The energy-saving potential of energy users is large. In recent years, the energy saving work of the machinery industry has achieved good results. The comprehensive energy consumption of 10,000 yuan output value has fallen to standard coal, but the development and promotion of energy-saving mechanical and electrical products is not optimistic.
According to estimates, the annual coal consumption of industrial boilers in China is about 350 to 400 million tons, accounting for one-third of the country's coal consumption. The thermal efficiency of industrial boiler design in China is generally 72% to 80%, but the actual operating thermal efficiency is only about 65%, while the industrial thermal efficiency of industrial coal-fired industrial boilers is 80% to 85% on average.
The total capacity of all kinds of electric motors in use in the country is about 420 million kilowatts, and the annual electricity consumption accounts for about 60% of the national electricity consumption. The operating efficiency of most electric motors is 10% to 30% lower than the advanced level in foreign countries.
Fans, pumps, and compressors are the main power machines in the metallurgy, steel, petroleum, chemical, and water treatment industries. They consume more than 70% of the motor's power consumption. Therefore, they improve the energy efficiency of fans, pumps, and compressors. It is very important for energy conservation.
The internal combustion engine is one of the main products that consumes petroleum resources. The current annual output has reached 350 million kilowatts, and the average fuel consumption index is about 10% higher than the international advanced level.
If the energy consumption of industrial boilers, industrial furnaces, electric motors, power transformers, fans, pumps, compressors, internal combustion engines, and other energy products can be reduced through the application of various energy-saving technologies, considerable economic and social benefits will be achieved. . The development of energy-saving products and the application of energy-saving technologies will not only benefit users, but more importantly, it will greatly promote the product structure adjustment and industrial upgrading of the machinery industry (see related links for details).
The main method of energy saving in the machinery industry is the large consumption of raw materials in the machinery industry. The annual consumption of steel products in the machinery industry is about 50 million tons, while the utilization rate of steel products is still very low, generally 60% to 70%, and some are even lower. Compared with the advanced level in foreign countries (about 90% to 95%), there is a great potential for saving materials. The cost of various raw materials for mechanical products accounts for about 60% to 70% of the production cost of products. Therefore, in a certain sense, energy saving is also one of the key factors for improving the efficiency and competitiveness of machinery enterprises.
From the development of industrialized countries and our country's application in recent years, there are mainly near-net-shaping and net-forming technologies, rapid manufacturing (RM) technologies, and thermal process simulation and optimization technologies.
Near-net shape and net shape forming technology refers to the advanced forming technology that can be used as a mechanical component after parts are formed, requiring little or no processing. Rapid Manufacturing (RM) technology is based on the digital information of the product. It is directly driven by the product's 3D CAD model and directly or indirectly acts on the material's particle point. It can reduce the use or even eliminate the need of any tooling to rapidly complete the prototype/part/mold technology of any complex shape. General term.
In recent years, with the development of test technology and computer technology, a new crossover technology and research field - material thermal processing technology simulation and optimization technology came into being. The simulation and optimization of thermal processing technology have become the hot topics and frontiers of research in various disciplines of materials thermal processing. There are numerical simulation, physical simulation, and expert systems.
China is a water-poor country with a per capita water resource that is only a quarter of the world average. Water conservation and efficient water use are fundamental ways to ease the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources. Its core is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of water use. At present, the water consumption per million yuan of GDP in China is about 4 times the world average, and it is 5 to 10 times that of developed countries. The utilization rate of irrigation water in China is only 43%, which is one-half of the world's advanced level. The potential for this is huge. The development of water-saving electromechanical products is a requirement for the implementation of sustainable development strategies, and it is a powerful support and important means for water conservation in industrial water-saving, agricultural water-saving, domestic water-saving, and other areas.
Therefore, to encourage the development of energy-saving, material-saving, and water-saving products, the main measures and suggestions are: in-depth conservation education for resource conservation, solid establishment of resource awareness and conservation awareness, and formulation and improvement of laws and regulations for energy saving, material saving, and water saving. Policies, implement incentive policies for strengthening energy conservation, material saving, and water saving, formulate and implement policies on the collection of taxes and fees for products with high energy consumption, consumables, and water consumption; vigorously promote the promotion and application of energy-saving, material-saving, and water-saving electromechanical products. Explore effective ways and means of releasing, recommending materials, water-saving technologies and products; do a good job of eliminating energy, consumables, and high water consumption and backward technologies, processes, and products; modify and improve energy standards for the machinery industry.