Copper ore flotation process
General mineral processing technology
Raw ore → one-stage crushing → two-stage crushing → silo → feeding → ball milling → classification → flotation → re-flotation → concentration sampling
Copper oxide copper ore and processing method of mixing the following two categories:
First, the flotation method. It can be divided according to different technical solutions:
(1) Vulcanization flotation method. The vulcanizing agent is added to vulcanize the oxidized ore, and then floated by a conventional copper sulfide flotation method. This method is suitable for the treatment of ore with malachite, azurite and chlorite, and is more commonly used.
(2) Fatty acid flotation method. With a fatty acid as collector flotation agent, usually also added inhibitor and a slurry adjusting agent sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, and phosphate as gangue. Fatty acids and their soaps can well capture malachite and azurite. The test results of fatty acid flotation of malachite with different hydrocarbon chains show that as long as the hydrocarbon chain is long enough, the ability of fatty acids to capture malachite is quite strong. In a certain range, the stronger the collection capacity, the less the dosage. The most used in practice are C10-C20 mixed, saturated or unsaturated carboxylic acids.
This method is only applicable to copper oxide ore whose gangue is not carbonate. When a large amount of gangue contained in iron, manganese minerals, the index will be deteriorated. In foreign countries, the concentrating plant that used this method in the past, except for a few (such as the Dangar concentrator in Zaire), most of the plants have added sodium sulphide and xanthate in recent years.
(3) Amine flotation method. Use of amines as collectors for flotation, suitable for the treatment of malachite, azurite, chlorite, etc., gangue inhibitors should be added when there are many minerals; if the general inhibitors are invalid, seaweed powder can be used. Lignosulfonate or cellulose lignosulfonate, polyacrylic acid or the like as a gangue inhibitor.
(4) Chelating agent-neutral oil flotation method. The chrysocolla can be recovered by the above method, but due to the poor effect, special collectors such as octyl-substituted basic dye malachal green, potassium octyl oxylate, benzotriazole and neutral oil emulsifier are used. N-substituted imine diacetate, condensate of polyamine and organic halide, and quaternary ammonium salt and quaternary phosphonium salt, and the like.
(5) Emulsion flotation method. The copper oxide mineral is first vulcanized, then a copper complexing agent is added to form a stable oleophilic mineral surface, which is then covered with a neutral oil emulsion to form a highly hydrophobic floating state, which is firmly adsorbed on the bubble. . The gangue inhibitor can be an acrylic polymer and sodium silicate. Benzotriazole copper-complexing agent, toluoyl triazole, oxazole mercaptobenzimidazole, diphenylguanidine and the like; a non-polar oil floats agent available gasoline, kerosene and diesel.
Second, chemical beneficiation or combined with flotation. Oxidation and mixed ore are mostly treated by flotation, but the flotation effect is very poor and can be treated by chemical beneficiation. The chemical beneficiation method can be further divided into leaching method (including acid leaching and ammonia leaching), leaching-extraction-electrowinning method; leaching-replacement-flotation method (ie, LPF method); grinding-leaching-displacement-flotation method (ie GLPF method); leaching-displacement-magnetic separation method (ie LCMS method); grinding-leaching-flotation method, Halran method (ie direct oxidation of copper oxide ore); roasting-leaching-electrolysis; chlorine Chemical roasting-flotation method; isolation-flotation method (chlorination reduction roasting-flotation method); reduction roasting-ammonia leaching method, and the like.
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