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To meet the evolving demands of the market, major European automakers have introduced a new generation of light commercial vehicles that focus on enhancing versatility through various design and performance adjustments. These vehicles offer a wide range of configurations in terms of total quality, wheelbase, roof height, engine power, and transmission systems. For instance, Mercedes-Benz offers over 1,000 variants of the Sprinter model, while IVECO provides as many as 2,500 different versions. Each manufacturer customizes these basic models to create specialized vehicles such as ambulances, engineering vehicles, research cars, sales vans, camping vehicles, and school buses, showcasing an impressive variety.
Previously, single-brand light commercial vehicles had different engine power levels due to the use of engines with varying displacements. However, the new generation of vehicles aims to maintain consistent engine displacement while adjusting power output through advanced technologies like single-stage and two-stage supercharging. For example, the Mercedes-Benz Sprinter features a 2.2L diesel engine available in four power levels: 65kW, 80kW, 95kW, and 110kW. The lower power models use exhaust-relief valve boosters, while higher power versions employ variable geometry turbochargers (VGT) or dual-stage supercharging to optimize performance and reduce manufacturing costs. Similarly, Volkswagen’s new Crafter model uses a 2.5L five-cylinder diesel engine with power ratings of 65kW, 80kW, 100kW, and 120kW, following a similar approach to adjust power efficiently.
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Ford Transit Light Commercial Vehicle
In traditional slat-type trucks, the cargo box floor is positioned above the frame level, which means the wheel covers are hidden beneath the cargo area. In contrast, the new generation of vans feature raised wheel covers that extend beyond the cargo compartment. This design significantly lowers the loading and unloading height compared to conventional models. As a result, the new vans not only make it easier to load and unload goods but also provide a lower center of gravity when fully loaded, improving driving stability and safety.
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Fiat Light Commercial Vehicle
Next-generation van trucks typically feature a split back door design, commonly referred to as the "Guanyin" door. For example, the Mercedes-Benz Lingte van allows its rear door to open up to 270 degrees. Additionally, side sliding doors are wide and tall, with dimensions varying based on the size of the cargo compartment. Some models have sliding door openings as wide as 1260mm or 1510mm and as high as 1885mm or 2175mm, allowing for easy access without bending. This design enables drivers and passengers to move freely within the cargo area, making loading and unloading more efficient and convenient.
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Volkswagen Light Commercial Vehicle
Under EU safety regulations, vans must pass strict braking and load retention tests during collisions. To ensure safe cargo loading, there are three key principles to follow:
First, cargo should be arranged symmetrically from left to right. If the cargo compartment has fixed partitions, the items should be placed in the center to maintain balance.
Second, if no partitions are present, cargo should be centered first and then secured using straps or ropes to prevent shifting during transit.
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IVECO Light Commercial Vehicle
Third, the longitudinal placement of cargo should consider weight distribution to ensure even load distribution across the vehicle.
To improve both loading safety and efficiency, modern vans are equipped with various tools for secure and fast loading and unloading. A partition separates the driver's cabin from the cargo area, along with fixed or removable windows and sliding doors, ensuring the driver remains safe and can monitor the cargo at all times, especially during sudden stops or accidents. Along the cargo floor, there are numerous rope retaining rings and fixed lock rings, while similar clips are installed on each side post. For bulk cargo, special nets can be used to further secure the load. Another benefit of vans is their ability to operate around the clock, offering greater flexibility and reducing the risk of theft or imitation.
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